Government of Rajasthan Sikar Medical College

Research and Publication Paper

Department Of Surgery

Research and Publication

Dr. B. S. Garhwal

1.A Risk Factor Assessment Study Associated with Surgical Site Infection at District Hospital Sikar.

B. S. Garhwal1, Pooja Garhwal2, Jyoti Garhwal3, Kapil Dev Chahar4

1Principal Specialist (MS General Surgery), S. K. Hospital, Sikar, Rajasthan, India.

2Medical Officer, CHC, Piprali, Sikar, Rajasthan, India.

3Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, S. P. Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

4Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, S. P. Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

Received: February 2018

Accepted: March 2018

Official Publication of “Society for Health Care & Research Development”. It is an open-access article distributed

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted noncommercial

use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABSTRACT

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common nosocomial infection and frequently cause morbidity and

mortality among inpatients of hospitals. The aim is the analysis of the risk factors for Surgical Site Infections. Methods: In

this study, 100 surgically operated cases were taken with age group between 15-60 years. Study was done in surgery

department of District Hospital Sikar from January 2015 to December 2015. All cases were registered fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Results: Out of 100, 20 patients had surgical site infection. The SSI rate was 1% in clean surgeries, 9% in clean

contaminated ones, 30% in contaminated ones and 60% in dirty surgeries. The SSI rate was significantly less in patients

who received pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis. Most common organism involved was staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion: The incidence of SSI is high in our setup. Elderly age group, diabetic, immunocompromised have more

chances to have SSI than others.

Keywords: SSI, Immunocompromised, Surgical Site, Nosocomial.

INTRODUCTION

Infection is the clinical manifestation of the inflammatory reaction incited by invasion and proliferation of microorganisms. Despite modern surgical techniques and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications encountered in surgery. SSI places a significant burden on both the patient and health system, especially in Africa where resources are limited.[1] SSI occurs in up to 40% of surgical procedures, delaying recovery by one week on average and often resulting in the need for further surgical procedures. It is still a major limiting factor in advancing the horizons of surgery in spite of the progress made in its control. SSI is thus a major cause of morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased health costs. Before the mid-19th century, surgical patients commonly developed postoperative “irritative fever,” followed by purulent drainage from their incisions, overwhelming sepsis, and often death. It was not until the late 1860s, after Joseph Lister introduced the principles of antisepsis that postoperative infectious morbidity de-creased substantially.